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Two jumpers on the optical module

Optical modules typically use two fiber jumpers—one for transmitting and one for receiving optical signals—requiring duplex connections for standard operation.Why Two Jumpers Are Used

Most optical modules have two ports: one for transmitting (TX) and one for receiving (RX) optical signals. To maintain full-duplex communication, two separate fiber paths are needed, which is why two jumpers are used. Each jumper carries light in a single direction, ensuring that data can flow simultaneously in both directions without interference .

Types of Fiber Jumpers
  • Simplex Jumpers: Contain a single fiber and connector at each end, used for modules with a single port that handles bidirectional communication (BIDI) over one fiber .
  • Duplex Jumpers: Consist of two fibers side by side, typically used for standard optical modules with separate TX and RX ports. Common duplex connectors include SC duplex and LC duplex .
Connector Compatibility

The choice of jumper depends on the optical module type and connector interface:

  • SFP, SFP+, XFP modules usually use LC connectors.
  • GBIC modules often use SC connectors.
  • MPO/MTP jumpers are used for high-density modules like QSFP or OSFP, where multiple lanes are aggregated . If the devices at both ends have different connector types, hybrid jumpers such as LC-SC or LC-ST can be used to ensure compatibility .
Practical Considerations
  • Ensure the fiber type matches the module: single-mode for long distances (1310nm or 1550nm) and multimode for short distances (850nm) to minimize signal loss .
  • Duplex jumpers should be properly oriented to match TX to RX ports to avoid misalignment.
  • High-quality jumpers with low insertion loss and good return loss are essential for reliable network performance . In summary, two jumpers are used in optical modules to enable full-duplex communication, with the choice of jumper type, connector, and fiber mode determined by the module specifications and network requirements.
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Technical note

This reference is intended for preliminary specialty-cable research. Compatibility, link budgets, fire performance, installation methods, test limits and applicable standards must be verified for the specific project.

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